Antimicrobial Powerhouse Bacteria: Essential oil inhibits Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 0.41 mg/mL) and E. coli . Fungi: Dichloromethane extract combats Microsporum canis (MIC: 0.25 mg/mL), a common dermatophyte . Parasites: Oil inhibits Trypanosoma brucei (IC₅₀: 33.5 μg/mL), the parasite causing sleeping Read more…

What Is Livedo Racemosa? Livedo racemosa (LR) is a vascular skin condition characterized by irregular, branching, reddish-blue patterns caused by slowed blood flow in deeper skin vessels . Unlike livedo reticularis—a reversible, temperature-dependent marbling—LR is persistent and linked to systemic Read more…

GAPDH: From Metabolic Workhorse to Immune Target GAPDH is a conserved enzyme critical for glycolysis, the process cells use to generate energy. However, in pathogens like Eimeria, it also appears on cell surfaces, making it a prime target for immune Read more…